Peters



(No Model.) 2 Sheets- -Sheet 2.

G. H. PERKINS.

FARRI BR'S ANVIL. No. 352,261. Pa tented'N0v. 9-, 1886;

N PETERS, Phmma n n, Wishingion. 0.1:

NITED STATES Prion,

PATENT" FA'RRI ERS ANVl L.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 352,261, dated November9, 1886.

Application filed August 9, 1886. Serial No. 210,438. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. PERKINS, of the city and county ofProvidence,and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Farriers Anvils;

and I do hereby declare that the following anvils, they have beendeyised by me with.

special reference to their use in connection with shoeing horses. Underordinary circumstances anvils as heretofore employed by farriers serve afair purpose; but from long practical experience and wide observation Ifeel warranted in stating that during the rush of business followingasudden freeze and during icy weather much valuable time is wastedbecause of the inconveniences attendant upon the use of ordinary anvils,and this waste is not only a loss to the horseshoer, but also to theowners of animals requiring attention. So, also, in shops attached tothe large stables of horse-car companies is this waste speciallynoticeable. With a view to obviating said inconveniences and theconsequent loss of time, I have, as I believe for the first time, soconstructed an anvil with its essential parts that the farrier;comm encing on a bar-blanl ,0r a shoe as bought in the market, can develop allits parts without once changing his position with relation to anyportion of the anvil; and, more than this, said several parts have beenspecially organized with relation to position, so as to enable theiroccasional usein the progress of work without undue twisting or turningby the farrier. In my anvil I have for. the

' first time, so far as I know, located the horn at the rear side andprojecting therefrom, instead of at one end of the anvil, and hence allbending can be done without moving from the front side of the anvil, andat all times the shoe is sidewise to the workman, instead of edgewise,and hence his eye can readily gage the progress of the work. I have alsofor the first time provided at the front side of the anvil a lateralrecess centrally beneath the face, so that, in squaring up the edges ofshoe heels ,an angular vertical face, as heretofore, longer than thewidth of the largest shoes at their heels, so that the smith, holdingwith his tongs in his left hand a shoe with its heels bent over to formrudimentary calks,can,without changing place and with his arm in anatural and easy position, place the bottom of the shoe against saidvertical face, and, with the bent heels resting on the anvil-face,readily and convenientlydevelop the calks by hammering. I have alsoprovided adjacent to said angular face, sometimes in line therewith andat others rectangular to the front face of the anvil, a clampingjawoperated by a treadle, to enable the smith to conveniently clamp a shoefor bending heels or developing toe-lips.

I am aware that combined anvils'and Vises have heretofore been devisedin great variety of construction and arrangement, and also that aclamping-j aw operated bya treadle has been heretofore combined with ananvil; but mine essentially differs from any prior contrivance known tome in that while my clamping-jaw is controllable by a treadle-lever forrapid use, thus leaving both arms of the smith free'for otherduty,'said' jaw can also be so controlled and operated that a vise-screwcan be and is applied thereto, thus affording facilities for.

filing, which is usually the final operation on a shoe.

I have also so organized thetreadle lever and clamping-jaw that heavycompression at the jaws can be obtained and easily maintained withcomparatively little pressure by the foot. I have also provided the jawswith a central puncturingstud, by which a shoe at its toe can be moresecurely held in forming a toe-lip, and without deforming the lateralcontour of the shoe,than is possible with such vises or clamping-jaws ashave heretofore been combined with anvils.

lip.

struction and combination deemed novel will be specified in the severalclauses of claim hereunto annexed.

Referring to the drawings, Figures 1 and 2v are respectively front andrear elevations of my farriers anvil complete. Figs. 3 and 4 arerespectively end and top views thereof. Fig. 5 is alateral sectionalview of a portion of the anvil with a shoe in position for squaring theedges of one of its heels. Fig. 6 illustrates a calk-swaging block foruse at the an gular vertical face. Fig. 7 illustrates a plain shoe asusually bought for use by farriers. Fig. 8 illustrates a shoe with itsheels preliminarily bent; Fig. 9, a shoe with doll heelcalks developedfrom said bends; Fig. 10, a shoe with sharp heel and toe calks and atoe- In its best form the anvil A is integrally mounted upon a cast-ironpillow-block, B, the

' steel face a of the anvil, and also the horn,

being preferably separately constructed, but firmly merged with thecasting, in a'manner well known. anvil-block, in which case the anvil Ais constructed in the usual form at its foot for enabling itto beproperly secured to the block. The front side of the anvil is shown inFig. 1, and there is below the face at the front side the recess b, forreceiving one heel of a horseshoe, while the other, resting edgewise andcorn tra lly on the anvil-face, can be squared up by hammering, andwithout change of position by the smith. At the rear side of the anvilthe horn c is located, so that the smith, still in position, can place ashort bar of iron or a shoe thereon and proceed with bending it intoform, and as the shoe is fiatwise toward him he can readily observe asto symmetry without lifting it from the horn and holding it flatwise, aswhen said horn is located at the end of the anvil.

At one end of the anvil there is, as heretofore, a vertical face, d,angular with relation to the front side of the anvil, against which ashoe may be conveniently held sidewise and with heels upward, as indeveloping a calk from a bent heel. This face at is preferably in theform of a detachable steel block, as shown, and for developing bluntcalks said block has a plain rectangular edge; but fordeveloping sharpcalks a block, d, as shown in Fig. 6, is used, that being provided withincline-bottomed matrices, as at d, for enabling a sharp calk to bepromptly and evenly formed, or a dull calk as easily drawn andsharpened. Adjacent to said angular vertical face d, and at the end ofthe anvil, the clamping-jaws e and f are located. The jaw e isstationary, and is preferably in the form of a detachable block ofsteel. For some purposes this block may have a rectangular edge, as forordinary heelbending. Without impairing it for that purpose, it may alsohave a matrix, 6', as shown,

Some farriers prefer a wooden for conveniently and promptly developing atoe-lip on the upper front edge of a shoe. This latter can also beprovided in a block, which is also provided with the matrices d, (shownin Fig. 6,) whenever the bent heels are to be at once developed intosharp calks.

In forming a toe-lip there is much liability of vertical displacement ofthe shoe while clamped, and hence I have provided the jaw 6 with aslightly-projecting puncturing-stud, c of hard steel, which so engageswith the shoe near its toe as to firmly support it against all downwarddisplacing tendencies. This stud, being short and centrally located, inno manner interferes with the proper control of a shoe for heel-work.Said stud may be detachably or permanently fixed in the block of saidjaw, and in the oppositejaw,f, a hole is provided to receive it, thusenabling the clamping-jaws to be used for close gripping, if

desired. For forming toe calks, one or more matrices are provided, ,ofsuitable form, in a jaw-block; or one of the matrices (1 may be used.

The movable jaw f is preferably also provided with a detachablesteel-face block, f, in the usual manner, although its face may beintegral with the leverf, which has a strong pivotal joint at f, and hasat its lower end on its inner side a longitudinally inclined or angularface at f.

A retractile spring, 9, below the pivot serves to hold thejaws normallyopen. Opposite said angular face f there is a vertical bearingblock, it,on the side of the anvil-block, and between said block and face avertically-slid ing wedge, i, is interposed, and guided by side flanges,i, which partially embrace said block.

A treadle-lever, k, occupies an angular slot within and near the bottomof the anvil-block,

having at one end a treadle, k, and at the other end it is pivoted tosaid sliding wedge, so that by pressure of the foot on the. treadle thejaws are closed with heavy compressing force, and said pressure canobviously be easily maintained by a minimum exertionof foot power. Aspring, it, maintains the treadle in a normally-elevated position, andhence the clamping-jaws are always open and always ready for immediateuse. Now, while filing is being performed, various positions must beassumed by the smith, and hence the treadle cannot be always reliedupon; and I have therefore provided the lever f below its pivot with atransverse screw, Z, tapped through said lever, or in a steel blockfitted therein, and arranged to abut with its inner end against thecoincident portion of the anvil-block, or preferably against ahardened-steel abutment, l, secured thereto. -The inner end of the screwbeing slightly rounded, it can be readily made to do heavy duty withcomparatively little friction.

To suit special desires,I sometimes so place' Fig. 3; and I alsosometimes place the line of the clamping-jaws on an angle correspondingwith the angular face d, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 4, itbeing obvious that the wedge mot-ion will readily admit of a widevariation in the position of the several parts. In lieu of the springsshown,weights can obviously be used, or the parts themselves weighted,so as to maintain the jaws in a normally-opened position.

The face of the anvil is provided with the usual hole, m, for receivingthe shanks of cutters or swaging-tools,and also with the hole a, forreceiving the end of anail-hole punch. A hook, 0, on the back of the jawf serves as a convenient support for tongs and other tools. While Iprefer to embody all of the novel features in one anvil, substantiallyas shown and described,certain portions thereof may obviously beemployed independently of others. Having thus described myinvention, Iclaim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent-- 1. The farriersanvil provided with a central recess beneath the anvil-face and at itsfront side, substantially as described, for the free reception of oneheel of a horseshoe while the other is being squared up on theanvil-face.

2. A farriers anvil having a shoeheel-receiving recess beneathits faceat its front side, and a horn projecting from its rear side andsubstantially at right angles thereto, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with an anvil,of clamping-jaws, a treadle forputting said jaws into prompt service, and a vise-screw for operatingindependently of said treadle in the use 7 wedge to their normalpositions, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the anvil recessed beneath its face centrally atits front side, and

having the angular vertical face at one end, the horn projecting fromits rear side, and the clamping-jaw operated by a treadle, substantiallyas described.

6; The combination, in a farriers anvil, of a pair of clamping-jaws anda central puncturing-stud projecting from one of said jaws,substantially as described, whereby a shoe may be securely held againstvertical displacement while forming a toe-lip or a toe-calk.

CHARLES H. PERKINS. Witnesses:

CHARLES R. STARK, J OHN L. WInooX.

